Horse Facts and Pictures Biography
Source(Gogle.com.pk)Crazy Horse (a translation of his Lakotan name, Tasunke Witko) achieved notoriety while he was alive for his skill as a military leader and his defiant attempt to resist Westernizing influences. Since his death, his actions have taken on further meaning, and he is highly regarded as a symbol of Lakota resistance, oftentimes considered wakan (spiritually powerful), and he continues to be emblematic of a traditional past.
Crazy Horse was born in 1841 or 1842 near the Black Hills (South Dakota). He apparently had yellow-brown hair and was initially called Light Hair and Curly. His father was a medicine man; but less is known about his mother, who died young; his father later remarried. He was reportedly good with horses, and this garnered him the name His Horses Looking. His interest in a married woman, Black Buffalo Woman, led to a shooting that left Crazy Horse with a scar. Later, he married Black Shawl and they had a daughter, They Are Afraid of Her, who died at age 2. In 1877 he also married Nellie Laravie, an 18-year-old mixed-blood woman.
His father and grandfather both were named Crazy Horse, and he himself finally earned this name in his teen years. Around this time, Crazy Horse had a vision that involved a horseman who is plainly dressed and riding untouched through a storm. Crazy Horse himself began to dress plainly, with a red-tailed hawk feather, and it was assumed that he and his horse were invulnerable. There are also reports that he would throw dust over his horse before battle and that he wore a small stone, or wotawe (sacred charm), for protection. He was a quiet and introspective man who seldom joined in public events.
In an effort to resolve the conflicts following from Western expansion, Red Cloud and Spotted Tail agreed to settle at agencies, camps associated with government Indian agents that later became reservations, with the signing of the 1868 Fort Laramie treaty. Crazy Horse alone resolved to stay on his own lands in the Black Hills, until several events led to his surrender. Gold was discovered in the Black Hills and battles commenced against those who resisted the order to reservation land. Crazy Horse fought his best in the last two great battles, Rosebud and Little Bighorn. On June 17, 1876, assaults forced Brigadier General George Crook’s troops to retreat at the Battle of the Rosebud. Days later (June 25), Crazy Horse and others led the victory against Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer at the Battle of Little Bighorn.
These victories led to increased military pressure and famine. Supplies and morale diminished at Crazy Horse’s camp with the dwindling of buffalo, restricted trade, and a cold winter. Given the promise of an agency in the northern country, Crazy Horse led 889 followers to Fort Robinson in May 1877, but the promised agency fell through, and Crazy Horse was given a campsite near Red Cloud’s agency close to the White River (Nebraska). There was concern on the part of those trying to maintain stable relations—both Indian agents and Lakota leaders—that Crazy Horse would continue to hunt, given his refusal of rations, and that he would weaken the elders’ efforts to maintain peace at the agency. Also, there might have been concern from the Lakota leaders of Red Cloud’s and Spotted Tail’s agencies that Crazy Horse was gaining too much favor from the Indian agents and unsettling the status of existing agencies.
After four months in the camps, General Crook issued an order for Crazy Horse’s arrest. Crazy Horse at first assumed he was going to a council meeting, but resisted when he realized he might be imprisoned. It seems that his ally Little Big Man restrained him, either to placate him, in order to protect himself from Crazy Horse’s knife, or to serve questionable political interests. A low-ranking cavalry soldier named William Gentiles is credited with stabbing Crazy Horse with a bayonet, intentionally or not. Crazy Horse died September 5, 1877, at Fort Robinson, and his father buried his son at an undisclosed site with the agreement of those in attendance that they smoke a pipe and pledge not to reveal its location.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Kadlecek, Edward, and Mabell Kadlecek. 1981. To Kill an Eagle: Indian Views on the Last Days of Crazy Horse. Boulder, CO: Johnson Books.
Marshall, Joseph M. 2004. The Journey of Crazy Horse: A Lakota History. New York: Viking.
McMurtry, Larry. 1999. Crazy Horse: A Penguin Life. New York: Viking.
Larissa Petrillo
Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.
MLA
Chicago
APA
"Crazy Horse." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 12 Oct. 2013 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
Learn more about citation styles
Horses evolved over 50 million years from small many toed animals to the big beautiful, single-toed horses of today. The modern horse has been domesticated around the world for many reasons including transportation and battle.
Horses tend to live for about 30 years, and the oldest recorded horse at age 56 died in 2007. Horses graze on plant matter and vegetation, preferably tender green grass. The height of a horse is measured in hands, 1 hand being the same as 10cm (4 inches). The age of the horse is estimated by the pattern of tooth wear in his mouth.
An adult female is called a mare, and a young female is called a filly. An adult male is a stallion, and a young male is a colt. An unweaned baby of either sex is a foal. Castrated males and spayed females are called geldings. Mares carry their young inside them for approximately 11 months. When the baby horse is born, the young horse is often able to stand and then run about not long after birth. A mare comes into season one month after her foal is born. If she is remated then, she will have a foal at the same time each year.
The horses' hoofs are made out of horn which comes in different colors, with black being most common. Horses with white feet often have white hoofs, which are more brittle than pigmented ones. Appaloosa horses often have striped hoofs consisting of both pigmented and white hoof material.
There are thought to be more than 300 different breeds of horse found around the world today, each being bred for a purpose. Enormous draft horses such as Clydesdales pull heavy wagons, lighter saddle horses are for riding, and pony breeds are suitable for children and small adults. Miniature horses (30" and under) are primarily pets, though some have been used to guide blind people.
Horses have remarkable hearing and are almost able to have 360 degree hearing. The sense of smell of the horse is better than that of a human but the horse tends to rely more on vision than smell. Their field of monocular vision is almost 360 degrees with a narrower field of binocular vision in front and slightly to the sides. Horses have a blind spot directly in front of the nose and directly behind them. For this reason it is better to approach from the side. Whether they can see color is inconclusive. They do have much better night vision than humans.
Horses have an advanced sense of taste which allows the horse to sort through grasses and grains to find the things that the horse would most like to eat. Horses generally will not eat plants that are poisonous, but when the horse cannot find more adequate food, the horse will eat plants that contain toxins. A horse's gut is designed to have food flowing through it almost continually, and horses graze most of the day if allowed.
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
Horse Facts and Pictures for Kids Black and White to Color Funny Hd Wallpapepr Images Pics
No comments:
Post a Comment